WindowsFormsTest/OpenCvSharpTest/InstructionManualTest.cs

using OpenCvSharp;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Drawing.Imaging;
using System.IO;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using CvPoint = OpenCvSharp.Point;
using CvSize = OpenCvSharp.Size;

namespace OpenCvSharpTest
{
    public static class InstructionManualTest
    {
        public static void InstructionManualTest1()
        {
            //读取图片
            Bitmap Bitmapimage = new Bitmap("D:\\work\\WindowsFormsTest\\OpenCvSharpTest\\20251108153639.jpg");

            //Mat image = Cv2.ImRead("D:\\work\\WindowsFormsTest\\OpenCvSharpTest\\20251108153840.jpg");
            Mat image = BitmapToMat(Bitmapimage);
            Mat gray = new Mat();

            //灰度化预处理
            Cv2.CvtColor(image, gray, ColorConversionCodes.BGR2GRAY);
            //Cv2.ImShow("gray", gray);

            //二值化
            Mat binary = new Mat();
            Cv2.Threshold(gray, binary, 90, 255, ThresholdTypes.Binary);
            //Cv2.ImShow("binary", ReadCodeTest.ResizeMat(binary));

            //闭运算
            Mat kernelX = new Mat();
            kernelX = Cv2.GetStructuringElement(MorphShapes.Rect, new CvSize(15, 15));
            Mat Open = new Mat();
            Cv2.MorphologyEx(binary, Open, MorphTypes.Open, kernelX);
            Cv2.ImShow("Opendimg", ReadCodeTest.ResizeMat(Open));

            // 查找轮廓
            CvPoint[][] contours;
            HierarchyIndex[] hierarchy;
            Cv2.FindContours(Open, out contours, out hierarchy,
                RetrievalModes.External, ContourApproximationModes.ApproxSimple);

            // 筛选轮廓（根据面积）
            List<BlobInfo> filteredBlobs = new List<BlobInfo>();
            int minPixelCount = 2000000;
            int maxPixelCount = 6000000;
            double minRectangularity = 0.8; // 最小矩形度

            foreach (CvPoint[] contour in contours)
            {
                double area = Cv2.ContourArea(contour);
                if (area >= minPixelCount && area <= maxPixelCount)
                {// 计算矩形度
                    double rectangularity = CalculateRectangularity(contour);

                    // 矩形度筛选
                    if (rectangularity >= minRectangularity)
                    {
                        // 获取轮廓的边界矩形
                        Rect boundingRect = Cv2.BoundingRect(contour);

                        BlobInfo blobInfo = new BlobInfo
                        {
                            Contour = contour,
                            Area = area,
                            Rectangularity = rectangularity,
                            BoundingRect = boundingRect,
                            Center = new CvPoint(boundingRect.X + boundingRect.Width / 2,
                                             boundingRect.Y + boundingRect.Height / 2)
                        };

                        filteredBlobs.Add(blobInfo);

                        Console.WriteLine($"轮廓 - 面积: {area:F0} 像素, 矩形度: {rectangularity:F2}");
                    }
                }
            }

            Console.WriteLine($"原始轮廓数量: {contours.Length}");
            Console.WriteLine($"筛选后轮廓数量: {filteredBlobs.Count}");
            if (filteredBlobs.Count == 1)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("有说明书，输出状态为正常");
            }
            else
            {
                Console.WriteLine("没有说明书或是识别出多个说明书，输出状态为异常");
            }

            // 在原图上绘制筛选后的轮廓
            Mat outputImage = new Mat();
            foreach (var blobInfo in filteredBlobs)
            {
                Cv2.DrawContours(image, new[] { blobInfo.Contour }, -1, Scalar.Green, 100);
            }

            Cv2.ImShow("Output Image", ReadCodeTest.ResizeMat(image));

            // 显示统计信息
            if (filteredBlobs.Count > 0)
            {
                double avgRectangularity = filteredBlobs.Average(b => b.Rectangularity);
                double maxRectangularity = filteredBlobs.Max(b => b.Rectangularity);
                double minRectangularityFound = filteredBlobs.Min(b => b.Rectangularity);

                Console.WriteLine($"\n统计信息:");
                Console.WriteLine($"平均矩形度: {avgRectangularity:F2}");
                Console.WriteLine($"最大矩形度: {maxRectangularity:F2}");
                Console.WriteLine($"最小矩形度: {minRectangularityFound:F2}");
            }

            Cv2.WaitKey(0);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 计算轮廓的矩形度
        /// 矩形度 = 轮廓面积 / 最小外接矩形面积
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="contour">轮廓点集</param>
        /// <returns>矩形度值 (0-1)</returns>
        static double CalculateRectangularity(CvPoint[] contour)
        {
            // 计算轮廓面积
            double contourArea = Cv2.ContourArea(contour);

            // 获取最小外接矩形
            RotatedRect minAreaRect = Cv2.MinAreaRect(contour);

            // 计算最小外接矩形面积
            double rectArea = minAreaRect.Size.Width * minAreaRect.Size.Height;

            // 避免除零错误
            if (rectArea <= 0)
                return 0;

            // 计算矩形度
            double rectangularity = contourArea / rectArea;

            // 确保值在合理范围内
            return Math.Max(0, Math.Min(1, rectangularity));
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 将Bitmap转换为Mat
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="bitmap">源Bitmap</param>
        /// <returns>对应的Mat对象</returns>
        static Mat BitmapToMat(Bitmap bitmap)
        {
            using (var ms = new MemoryStream())
            {
                bitmap.Save(ms, ImageFormat.Bmp);
                ms.Position = 0;
                return Mat.FromStream(ms, ImreadModes.Color);
            }
        }
    }
    /// <summary>
    /// Blob信息类
    /// </summary>
    class BlobInfo
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// 轮廓点集
        /// </summary>
        public CvPoint[] Contour { get; set; }

        /// <summary>
        /// 轮廓面积（像素数量）
        /// </summary>
        public double Area { get; set; }

        /// <summary>
        /// 矩形度 (0-1)
        /// </summary>
        public double Rectangularity { get; set; }

        /// <summary>
        /// 边界矩形
        /// </summary>
        public Rect BoundingRect { get; set; }

        /// <summary>
        /// 中心点
        /// </summary>
        public CvPoint Center { get; set; }
    }
}